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Sunday, May 30, 2010

Shiva Gita - A Note to the Readers

Among the numerous scriptures which teach us the path to Salvation, Shiva Geeta is one of the foremost few among them. Although it didn't gain popularity as like as Bhagwad Geeta, yet it is always good to learn spirituality irrespective of the popularity of the source. There are 28 Geetas available in our scriptures, like Shiva Geeta, Uttara Geeta, Rudra Geeta, Brahma Geeta, Guru Geeta, Bhagwad Geeta, Devi Geeta, Ganesha Geeta, Avadhuta Gita etc., to name a few. We need to identify which one is the right Geeta for us and follow the same accordingly.

It needs to be mentioned explicitly here that there cannot be a comparison between Shiva Geeta with Bhagwad Geeta or any Geeta as a matter of fact. Every Geeta has a message, a central theme around which it revolves, and a unique style of rendering the message. Bhagwad Gita is a vedantic scripture which is the best because it teaches all round sacred wisdom from upanishads. But that doesn't mean Shiva Geeta (or any other Geeta) is inferior to that. Shiva Geeta primarily focusses on preaching about lord Shiva who is the parabrahman of Vedas, and it only reveals the path to salvation sailing with the sailor called 'Shiva'. So, for a normal Hindu (who doesn't belong to any sect), this would be a good source of wisdom. for a Shiva devotee or a Shaivite this geeta would be like a treasure. Therefore it has to be understood clearly that comparison between geetas is an absurd activity and everyone is expected to learn from this text and remain blissful in the devotion of the Supreme Personality of Godhead - Lord Shiva!

It's a known fact that Bhagwad Geeta has achieved such a widespread recognition because people have spread it across the world by translating not only in all the Indian languages, but also in foreign languages. Whereas Shiva Geeta has not been caught attention of people since it's documented in a Purana and not present in the famous epic Mahabharata which gained greater attention of people. Since people usually are acquainted with Epics but rarely read or analyze Puranas, Shiva Geeta skipped gaining popularity among the masses due to the same reason even though both the Geetas are believed to be documented by Veda Vyasa himself.

Shiva Geeta belongs to the Ramayana era of Treta Yuga while Bhagwad Geeta belongs to Mahabharata era of Dwapar yuga. So, Shiva Geeta precedes Bhagwad Geeta in time. However there are certain instances in Shiva Geeta which are different from the instances in Valmiki Ramayana. But one thing which is common is in Valmiki Ramayana as well as in Shiva Geeta, it is the same Sage Agastya who becomes the preceptor of Rama. In Valmiki Ramayana he preaches Rama 'Aditya Hrudayam', and in Shiva Geeta he preaches him Viraja-Deeksha Austerity. So, these differences in stories between Valmiki Ramayana and Shiva Geeta could be understood as due to 'Kalpa Bheda' (these might belong to different eons). Whatever may be the reality behind the authenticity of Shiva Geeta, it definitely is a text worth learning since the verses are not self-cooked verses, this Shiva Geeta verses actually exist in Upanishads like Svetawsatara, Atharvasiras, kaivalya etc. to name a few. Therefore, reading this Shiva Geeta is as equal as reading the verses of the Upanisahds. So, definitely Shiva Geeta is of a great value to the mankind. Apart from the common chapters, Shiva geeta also states many valuable spiritual things including Shiva yoga or Shiva tattwa.

Following a Geeta is based on one's personal interest and choice but reading spiritual matter always benefits and increases the devotion towards our beloved God. Hence readers are requested to read through the Shiva Geeta chapters and extract whatever good things are taught by the Lord of the Universe, the greatest Guru-Sri Sada Shiva.


~~##:::: OM NAMAH SHIVAYA :::##~~



Shiva Gita Translated to English by Santosh Kumar Ayalasomayajula.
Copyright © 2010, by Santosh Kumar Ayalasomayajula. All Rights Reserved.
Check the Footer of this blog for Licenses related details.

Saturday, May 29, 2010

Shiva Gita Ch 01: Bhakti Niroopana Yoga

सूत उवाच ...
अथातः संप्रवक्ष्यामि शुद्धं कैवल्यमुक्तिदम .

अनुग्रहान्महेशस्य भवदुःखस्य भेषजम [1]

Suta muni addresses his disciples Saunakadi Munis and said:
Hey Munis! By the grace of the Lord Sri Paramatma Parashivamurti, i'm going to impart a very sacred and divine knowledge which acts as a medicine on the samsaara and takes us to Brahma Swaroopa Kaivalya state known as Moksham

कर्मणामनुष्ठानैर्न दानैस्तपसापि वा .

कैवल्यं लभते मर्त्यः किंतु ज्ञआनेन केवलम [2]

One cannot attain 'Kaivalya Padavi' by performing any kind of virtues or by performing any kind of penances and religious rites. But only through the divine knowledge (Divya Gyana) Salvation (Kaivalya Prapti) can be achieved.

रामाय दण्डकारण्ये पार्वतीपतिना पुरा .

या प्रोक्ता शिवगीताख्या गुह्याद्गुह्यतमा हि सा [3]

यस्याः श्रवणमात्रेण नृणां मुक्तिर्ध्रुवं भवेत .

पुरा सनत्कुमाराय स्कन्देनाभिहिता हि सा [4]

In olden days in 'Dandaka' forest whatever was preached by Lord Shankara to Rama, which is a divine secret, which when implemented in life would give Salvation to human beings, that 'Shiva Geeta' was preached to Sanatkumara by Shanmukha (Skanda).

सनत्कुमारः प्रोवाच व्यासाय मुनिसत्तमाः .

मह्यं कृपातिरेकेण प्रददौ बादरायणः [5]

Subsequently, that Sanat Kumara preached the same to Vyasa That sage Vyasa became graceful on me and transferred that knowledge to me.

उक्तं तेन कस्मैचिन्न दातव्यमिदं त्वया .

सूतपुत्रान्यथा देवाः क्षुभ्यन्ति शपन्ति [6]

Suta further cautioned his disciples not to discourse this knowledge to anyone, else Demi-Gods of heaven would become displeased and would curse!
N.B:- The reason for cursing is mentioned in below slokas, but these are not be afraid of in today's era since in today's world we never do homas and yagyas regularly, neither we follow vedic practices. Devotion towards the almighty is the only thing which we follow. Hence this is not applicable to Kaliyuga. Dharma changes in every Yuga. Hence this is not applicable to us now.


अथ पृष्टो मया विप्रा भगवान्बादरायणः .

भगवन्देवताः सर्वाः किं क्षुभ्यन्ति शपन्ति [7]

तासामत्रास्ति का हानिर्यया कुप्यन्ति देवताः .

पाराशर्योऽथ मामाह यत्पृष्टं शृणु वत्स तत [8]

Hearing this i said, "Hey Muni! how are you speaking like this? What harm would Gods face if someone tells this Shiva Geeta to others? Why would they become angry? Why would they curse?" When i questioned him, VedaVyasa showered his affection on me and explained me like this.

नित्याग्निहोत्रिणो विप्राः संति ये गृहमेधिनः .

एव सर्वफलदाः सुराणां कामधेनवः [9]

भक्ष्यं भोज्यं पेयं यद्यदिष्टं सुपर्वणाम .

अग्नौ हुतेन हविषा सत्सर्वं लभ्यते दिवि [10]

नान्यदस्ति सुरेशानामिष्टसिद्धिप्रदं दिवि .

दोग्ध्री धेनुर्यथा नीता दुःखदा गृहमेधिनाम [11]

तथैव ज्ञआनवान्विप्रो देवानां दुःखदो भवेत .

त्रिदशास्तेन विघ्नन्ति प्रविष्टा विषयं नृणाम [12]

In this world, the Brahmin who is a householder (gruhastha), doing Homams and Yagyams by dedicating food and beverages to Gods through fire; such Brahmins are like Kamadhenu to the Demi-Gods because from their Yagyas and Havans the Gods get their food. The Gods accept these offerings with pleasant heart and happiness. (In turn Gods maintain timely rains and help the earth produce grains properly). So, it's a duty of Brahmins to regularly do the homams and yagyams and keep the Gods happy (to get food on earth in return). If Brahmins leave doing these fundamental duties to Gods and immerse themselves in Yoga and in learning about the absolute Brahman (Supreme Lord) and attain pleasure in serving him through the path of knowledge/bhakti, it makes Gods unhappy since they wouldn't get their share of food through sacrifices.For that reason they may become unhappy and may curse.
If someone else steals the milk giving cow and takes in a different direction the way its actual owner would feel uncomfortable and would want to get it back, same way these demi-gods also feel uncomfortable when some Brahmin deviates away from his path of normal duties towards the path of Salvation, and in order to get him back for their happiness they try to create disturbances in all possible ways on the devotee's path towards salvation.

ततो जायते भक्तिः शिवे कस्यापि देहिनः .

तस्मादविदुषां नैव जायते शूलपाणिनः [13]

यथाकथंचिज्जातापि मध्ये विच्छिद्यते नृणाम .

जातं वापि शिवज्ञआनं विश्वासं भजत्यलम [14]

That's why Devotion for Parama Shiva doesn't take birth in anyone, due to the Gods devotion for Shiva doesn't remain constant. In case with a lot of efforts if someone manages to gain devotion for Lord Shiva, due to the disruption from the demi gods, the devotion gets inturrupted. But when that doesn't happen, Love for Lord Shiva emerges out of the devotion.

ऋषय ऊचुः ...

यद्येवं देवता विघ्नमाचरन्ति तनूभृताम .

पौरुषं तत्र कस्यास्ति येन मुक्तिर्भविष्यति [15]

Hearing all these from Suta, Saunakadi Munis questioned Suta in this manner: Hey Sutakumara! If in this manner Gods of heaven keep obstructing humans from walking on the path of Gyana, how would humans attain salvation? For tenacious people is there any way to nullify the obstructions caused by Gods? If such an alternative exists to escape the disturbances from gods, kindly preach that tos us.To their questions, Suta answered this way:

सत्यं सूतात्मज ब्रूहि तत्रोपायोऽस्ति वा वा .

सूत उवाच ...

कोटिजन्मार्जितैः पुण्यैः शिवे भक्तिः प्रजायते [16]

One gets devotion towards Maheshwara only if he has accumulated Virtues over the past crores of births. Due to that devotion he performs many tasks for the sake of the humanity.

इष्टापूर्तादिकर्माणि तेनाचरति मानवः .

शिवार्पणधिया कामान्परित्यज्य यथाविधि [17]

अनुग्रहात्तेन शंभोर्जायते सुदृढो नरः .

ततो भीताः पलायन्ते विघ्नं हित्वा सुरेश्वराः [18]

Because of that, devotee would become dittached from all his desires and would get filled with a devoting everything to Shiva. Due to that nature he would keep doing good deeds and would gain the grace of Lord Shiva. When he earns the grace of Lord Shiva, the demi gods would not dare to interrupt his devotion because of the fear of Lord Shiva's anger.

जायते तेन शुश्रूषा चरिते चन्द्रमौलिनः .

शृण्वतो जायते ज्ञआनं ज्ञआनादेव विमुच्यते [19]

That's why human would all the time remain with 'Shivarpana' buddhi and would remain immersed in the worship of Shiva and would gain knowledge which gives him Mukti (Salvation).


बहुनात्र विमुक्तेन यस्य भक्तिः शिवे दृढा .

महापापोपपापौघकोटिग्रस्तोऽपि मुच्यते [20]

The devotee who keeps an unshaken faith in lord Paramashiva, only that person would get saved from Maha Papa (Great Sins) and Upa Paapa (Minor Sins) even if they are crores in number.

अनादरेण शाठ्येन परिहासेन मायया .
शिवभक्तिरतश्चेत्स्यादन्त्यजोऽपि विमुच्यते [21]
Anyone while doing criticism, or while disrespecting, or due to jealousy, if gets devoted or gains devotion for Shiva, he would get cleansed of all the Sins immediately.
N.B:- Let's analyze this statement further. We have real examples in our Hindu scriptures where such instances have been seen. Kamsa, Ravana Shishupaala, etc, all were filled with "Virodhi Bhakti" for Lord Vishnu, their hatred for hari increased to such limits that they unknowlingly used to think constantly about Hari only. Finally what happened we all know. They were given Salvation by Lord through killing. So, the same way, even if while criticizing Shiva, or while disrespecting him, or while hating him if one gets filled with that 'Virodhi Bhakti' he would get liberated of all sins. The idea here is not to develop Virodh Bhakti, but the sloka tells the importance of Shiva Bhakti. The meaning in short is:- Even if inadvertantly one develops slightest interest and devotion towards Shiva, he would get cleansed of sins right at that moment).


एवं भक्तिश्च सर्वेषां सर्वदा सर्वतोमुखी .

तस्यां तु विद्यमानायां यस्तु मर्त्यो मुच्यते [22]

One whose Shiva Bhakti becomes strong, such people would get all theyr desires fulfilled by it. But for those who are totally submitted in Shiva Bhakti, would get liberated out of the birth-rebirth cycle and would attain Salvation.

संसारबन्धनात्तस्मादन्यः को वास्ति मूढधीः .

नियमाद्यस्तु कुर्वीत भक्तिं वा द्रोहमेव वा [23]

तस्यापि चेत्प्रसन्नोऽसौ फलं यच्छति वाञ्छितम .

ऋद्धं किंचित्समादाय क्षुल्लकं जलमेव वा [24]

One who is devoted to Paramashiva with veneration, or devoted to him without doing any sins, with such kind of devotee Lord would be highly pleased, would fulfill all his wishes. One who dedicates Shiva the Bilva leaves, or water with full devotion; with him lord would be so pleased that he can bestow the devotee the empire of the three worlds. (Such a kind hearted Lord is our Lorrd Shiva).

यो दत्ते नियमेनासौ तस्मै दत्ते जगत{}त्रयम .

तत्राप्यशक्तो नियमान्नमस्कारं प्रदक्षिणाम [25]

यः करोति महेशस्य तस्मै तुष्टो भवेच्छिवः .

प्रदक्षिणास्वशक्तोऽपि यः स्वान्ते चिन्तयेच्छिवम [26]

One who is unable to worship Shiva (as described in previous slokas), if he circumambulates and offers Namaskara (Salute) to the Lord, the Lord would get pleased and would become happy. Even to this simple thing as well, if someone doesn't have time or is unable to do, he can simply think of lord Shiva from the same place where he is. With this insignificantly seeming prayer also Lord Shiva would shower all the boons which the devotee is desirous of!! (That shows the generosity of Lord Shiva. How much he loves us, we can understand from the above Verse!!)

गच्छन्समुपविष्टो वा तस्याभीष्टं प्रयच्छति .

चन्दनं बिल्वकाष्ठस्य पुष्पाणि वनजान्यपि [27]

फलानि तादृशान्येव यस्य प्रीतिकराणि वै .

दुष्करं तस्य सेवायां किमस्ति भुवनत्रये [28]

Chandanam which is prepared from the wood of Bilwa tree (called as Sri Gandham), flowers of the forest, and fruits if offerred to mahadeva, he would become exceedingly pleased, since these items are his favorite items. Such kind of service to the Lord is without a second in the three worlds.

वन्येषु यादृशी प्रीतिर्वर्तते परमेशितुः .

उत्तमेष्वपि नास्त्येव तादृशी ग्रामजेष्वपि [29]

तं त्यक्त्वा तादृशं देवं यः सेवेतान्यदेवताम .

हि भागीरथीं त्यक्त्वा काङ्क्षते मृगतृष्णिकाम [30]

The way lord Shiva likes the flowers and fruits born in the forest compared to the so called better flowers of the villages, similarly, if someone neglects the easily pleasing Lord Shiva and worships other deities, it's as like as desiring for a mirage water by leaving the holy ganges beside.

किंतु यस्यास्ति दुरितं कोटिजन्मसु संचितम .

तस्य प्रकाशते नायमर्थो मोहान्धचेतसः [31]

कालनियमो यत्र देशस्य स्थलस्य .

यत्रास्य चित्रं रमते तस्य ध्यानेन केवलम [32]

Fact is, a person who has done sins in numerous births and has accumulated a lot of vices such sinners, knowledge less people would not take interest and wouldn't like this 'Shaiva Tatwam'. To do service to Lord Shiva, there is nothing like right time or right place. Whatever time, whichever season, whichever place it might be, a person who meditates on Shiva within his own heart with happiness such a pure hearted person would achive Salvation in Lord Shiva's abode Kailasha. And there is no doubt in that!!

आत्मत्वेन शिवस्यासौ शिवसायुज्यमाप्नुयात .

अतिस्वल्पतरायुः श्रीर्भूतेशांशाधिपोऽपि यः [33]

तु राजाहमस्मीति वादिनं हन्ति सान्वयम .

कर्तापि सर्वलोकानामक्षयैश्वर्यवानपि [34]

शिवः शिवोऽहमस्मीति वादिनं यं कञ्चन .

आत्मना सह तादात्म्यभागिनं कुरुते भृशम [35]

Even is someone is an incarnation of Mahesha if he develops self pride by thinking, "I'm the Lord", such a person's life span would decline and also his lineage would get culminated. hence, even if someone is a lord of the three worlds, if he remains free from ego and pride, and simply either remains filled with "Shivoham" feeling or else with the feeling of Lord's Servant (Devotee), that Supreme Lord Shiva would get pleased with him and would make him merge inside himself.


धर्मार्थकाममोक्षाणां पारं यस्याथ येन वै .

मुनयस्तत्प्रवक्ष्यामि व्रतं पाशुपताभिधम [36]

कृत्वा तु विरजां दीक्षां भूतिरुद्राक्षधारिणः .

जपन्तो वेदसाराख्यं शिवनामसहस्रकम [37]

Hey Monks! i would narrate one great 'Vratam' which bestows all the 'Chaturvarga Phala Purushardhas' viz. Dharma, Artha, Kaama, Moksha. that Vratam is called 'Pasupata Vratam'. You all may take the 'Viraja Deeksha' as per my instructions by applying Ash and wearing Rudraksha Mala, and chant the Shiva Sahasranama which is a summary taken from all the four vedas. if you do this kind of 'deeksha' you would leave your this ephimeral human body and would attain divinity by gaining Shiva's form itself.

संत्यज्य तेन मर्त्यत्वं शैवीं तनुमवाप्स्यथ .

ततः प्रसन्नो भगवाञ्छंकरो लोकशंकरः [38]

भवतां दृश्यतामेत्य कैवल्यं वः प्रदास्यति .

रामाय दण्डकारण्ये यत्प्रादात्कुम्भसंभवः [39]

तत्सर्वं वः प्रवक्ष्यामि शृणुध्वं भक्तियोगिनः [40]

Then Lord Shankara who is all auspicious for all the worlds, would appear in front of you all and would give you salvation.
Long time ago, in Dakdakaranya forest, to Sri Ramachandra who had lost his wife, sage Agastya discoursed this 'Yoga Shastra'. The same i would preach entirely to you all. So, listen to me with full focus and devotion.

### Here ends the first chapter of Shiva Geeta from Padma Purana Uttara Khanda:###



Shiva Gita Translated to English by Santosh Kumar Ayalasomayajula.
Copyright © 2010, by Santosh Kumar Ayalasomayajula. All Rights Reserved.
Check the Footer of this blog for Licenses related details.

Shiva Gita Ch 02: Vairagya Yoga

ऋषय ऊचुः ..
किमर्थमागतोऽगस्त्यो रामचन्द्रस्य सन्निधिम .

कथं वा विरजां दीक्षां कारयामास राघवम .

ततः किमाप्तवान रामः फलं तद्वक्तुमर्हसि [1]

The Monks addressed Suta and enquired:- Hey Suta maha Muni! What for did Sage Agastya visit Sri Rama in Dandakaranya? In what way did he initiate Rama in Viraja Deeksha? Subsequently, what results did Rama get out of that Deeksha? Kindly narrate the entire story to us in detail. After listening to their request, Suta replied this way:-

सूत उवाच ..

रावणेन यदा सीताऽपहृता जनकात्मजा .

तदा वियोगदुःखेन विलपन्नास राघवः [2]

निर्निद्रो निरहंकारो निराहारो दिवानिशम .

मोक्तुमैच्छत्ततः प्राणान्सानुजो रघुनन्दनः [3]

When Sita, the wife of Sri Rama was abducted by Ravana, Sri Rama was in a desperate modd due to his beloved separation. He didn't sleep day and night, left eating food, and lost his valor, and together with his brother lakshmana he was almost became lifeless.

लोपामुद्रापतिरज्ञआत्वा तस्य सन्निधिमागमत .

अथ तं बोधयामास संसारासारतां मुनिः [4]

अगस्त्य उवाच ..

किं विषीदसि राजेन्द्र कान्ता कस्य विचार्यताम .

जडः किं नु विजानाति देहोऽयं पाञ्चभौतिकः [5]

निर्लेपः परिपूर्णश्च सच्चिदानन्दविग्रहः .

आत्मा जायते नैव म्रियते दुःखभाक [6]

Having realized about Rama's condition, sage Agastya the consort of Lopamudra came to Sri Rama's place. After that he taught 'Vairagya' to Rama as follows: Hey Ramachandra! Why are you feeling so sad? Think who is Sita. Ignorant people wouldn't understand this secret. This body is made up of 5 elements (Pancha Bhootam). But soul is unattached to the body and it is beyond the reach of birth and death; also Soul remains unaffected by sorrows.

सूर्योऽसौ सर्वलोकस्य चक्षुष्ट्वेन व्यवस्थितः .

तथापि चाक्षुषैर्दोषैर्न कदाचिद्विलिप्यते [7]

सर्वभूतान्तरात्मापि तद्वद{}दृश्यैर्न लिप्यते .

देहोऽपि मलपिण्डोऽयं मुक्तजीवो जडात्मकः [8]

दह्यते वह्निना काष्ठैः शिवाद्यैर्भक्ष्यतेऽपि वा .

तथापि नैव जानाति विरहे तस्य का व्यथा [9]

सुवर्णगौरी दूर्वाया दलवच्छ्यामलापि वा .

पीनोत्तुङ्गस्तनाभोगभुग्नसूक्ष्मवलग्निका [10]

बृहन्नितम्बजघना रक्तपादसरोरुहा .

राकाचन्द्रमुखी बिम्बप्रतिबिम्बरदच्छदा [11]

नीलेन्दीवरनीकाशनयनद्वयशोभिता .

मत्तकोकिलसँल्लापा मत्तद्विरदगामिनी [12]

कटाक्षैरनुगृह्णाति मां पञ्चेषुशरोत्तमैः .

इति यां मन्यते मूढ तु पञ्चेषुशासितः [13]

Having a golden hue, having pitcher like breasts, having bimba fruit kind of lower lip, a face resembling a full moon etc.; with such adjectives when a man gets trapped, such ignorant person gets punished by the Manmadha-the God of love!

तस्याविवेकं वक्ष्यामि शृणुष्वावहितो नृप .

स्त्री पुमानेष नैव चायं नपुंसकः [14]

अमूर्तः पुरुषः पूर्णो द्रष्टा देही जीविनः .

या तन्वङ्गी मृदुर्बाला मलपिण्डात्मिका जडा [15]

I am describing about that kind of person's ignorance. Listen with attention.
Paramatma is beyond gender attribute. He is neither male, nor female, nor eunuch. He is formless, omnipresent, a witnesser of everything, and is everything.

सा पश्यति यत्किंचिन्न शृणोति जिघ्रति .

चर्ममात्रा तनुस्तस्या बुद्ध्वा त्यक्षस्व राघव [16]

या प्राणादधिका सैव हंत ते स्याद{}घृणास्पदम .

जायन्ते यदि भूतेभ्यो देहिनः पाञ्चभौतिकाः [17]

That which has soft slender body parts, that is a mala-mootra pinda (a body containing faeces and urine). It doesn't see , smell or listen to others. O Rama! With your divine knowledge look at it once. That body whom you are considering worthy of love and infatuation, is nothing but a bag of skin and flesh. That's full of disgusting materials and hence not worthy of loving or getting attached with.


आत्मा यदेकलस्तेषु परिपूर्णः सनातनः .

का कान्ता तत्र कः कान्तः सर्व एव सहोदराः [18]

निर्मितायां गृहावल्यां तदवच्छिन्नतां गतम .

नभस्तस्यां तु दग्धायां कांचित्क्षतिमृच्छति [19]

तद्वदात्मापि देहेषु परिपूर्णः सनातनः .

हन्यमानेषु तेष्वेव स्वयं नैव हन्यते [20]

In all the bodies which are formed of Pancha Bhoota (Five elements), Lord is present (as soul). When a house is built, sky remains attached to it. However when a house is burnt, it gets reduced to ashes but it doesn't burn the sky at all. Similarly, soul which resides inside the body doesn't perish while bodies perish.


हन्ता चेन्मन्यते हन्तुं हतश्चेन्मन्यते हतम .

तावुभौ विजानीतो नायं हन्ति हन्यते [21]

अस्मान्नृपातिदुःखेन किं खेदस्यास्ति कारणम .

स्वस्वरूपं विदित्वेदं दुःखं त्यक्त्वा सुखी भव [22]

In this world, when one man beats another, one is seen as the punisher and another as the victim. But neither of them is the actual doer. Therefore, O Rama! it's worthless to doubt this fact. Realize your true self, and be in everlasting bliss by leaving this sorrow.

राम उवाच ..

मुने देहस्य नो दुःखं नैव चेत्परमात्मनः .

सीतावियोगदुःखाग्निर्मां भस्मीकुरुते कथम [23]

सदाऽनुभूयते योऽर्थः नास्तीति त्वयेरितः .

जायातां तत्र विश्वासः कथं मे मुनिपुङ्गव [24]

Sri Rama said: Hey Saint! You discoursed that Paramatma doesn't suffer from agonies caused due to the body. In that case why the pain of love and separation from Sita is burning me? Whatever (suffering) is being experienced by me continuously, you said that's all illusion. How to believe those words? Kindly explain.

अन्योऽत्र नास्ति को भोक्ता येन जन्तुः प्रतप्यते .

सुखस्य वापि दुःखस्य तद्ब्रूहि मुनिसत्तम [25]

The sorrow which torments a man, to experience that sorrow; Or, the pleasure which pleases a man, to experience such pleasure - that man himself is responsible but how come someone else is the doer? Please explain that in detail O Sage!

अगस्त्य उवाच ..

दुरज्ञएया शांभवी माया तया संमोह्यते जगत .

माया तु प्रकृतिं विद्यान्मायिनं तु महेश्वरम [26]

तस्यावयवभूतैस्तु व्याप्तं सर्वमिदं जगत.

सत्यज्ञआनात्मकोऽनन्तो विभुरात्मा महेश्वरः [27]

Agastya said: Who can understand the Maya of that Maheshwara? This entire universe is illusioned by the Shambhavi Maya of that Maheshwara. Know that Maya as Prakriti and that illusionist as Maheshwara. That Maheshwara is himself the form of Truth and knowledge, eternal, imperishable, protector of all the worlds, the supreme soul. He pervades in the entire universe as manifest & unmanifest, living & non-living things.

तस्यैवांशो जीवलोके हृदये प्राणिनां स्थितः .

विस्फुलिङ्गा यथा वह्नेर्जायन्ते काष्ठयोगतः [28]

अनादिकर्मसंबद्धास्तद्वदंशा महेशितुः .

अनादिवासनायुक्ताः क्षेत्रज्ञआ इति ते स्मृताः [29]

The way two fire-sticks produces sparks when rubbed with each other and those sparks spread further (forest fire), similarly, due to the accumulation of Sanchita Karma (accumulated Karmas) that Maheshwaransham (portion of Maheshwara) lives in the hearts of all these millions of living beings

मनो बुद्धिरहंकारश्चित्तं चेति चतुष्टयम .

अन्तःकरणमित्याहुस्तत्र ते प्रतिबिम्बिताः [30]

जीवत्वं प्राप्नुयुः कर्मफलभोक्तार एव ते .

ततो वैषयिकं तेषां सुखं वा दुःखमेव वा [31]

Due to being attached with the age old Vasana(s), those souls Which are Maheshwara's reflections are being called as Kshetragya. Mana (heart)-Chitta (self)-Buddhi (Mind)-Ahankaram (Ego); these four are called as 'Antahkarana Chatushtaya'. In these as a shadow remains the consciousness which is the soul and experiences the results of virtues and vices.


एव भुञ्जते भोगायतनेऽस्मिन शरीरके .

स्थावरं जङ्गमं चेति द्विविधं वपुरुच्यते [32]

स्थावरास्तत्र देहाः स्युः सूक्ष्मा गुल्मलतादयः .

अण्डजाः स्वेदजास्तद्वदुद्भिज्जा इति जङ्गमाः [33]

Hence happiness or sorrow obtained from subjects, and the body which desires for Bhoga exists in the various forms of living beings That kind of body is of two types called Sthavaram (Immobile) and Jangamam (mobile). Among them Sthavaram body belongs to Trees, bushes, creepers. Jangama bodies are those who are Andajam (egg born), Swedajam (sweat born), and Unbheejam. These are the three subcategories in which Jangamam bodies are classified.

योनिमन्ये प्रपद्यन्ते शरीरत्वाय देहिनः .

स्थाणुमन्येऽनुसंयन्ति यथाकर्म यथाश्रुतम् [34]

सुख्यहं दुःख्यहं चेति जीव एवाभिमन्यते .

निर्लेपोऽपि परं ज्योतिर्मोहितः शंभुमायया [35]

A Jeeva follows all such karmas and obtains mobility or immobility
Whatever body a Jeeva gains, in that body whatever pleasures or pains it gains all those pleasures and pains are not at all his. That's all due to the Shambhu Maya of lord Maheshwara.


कामः क्रोधस्तथा लोभो मदो मात्सर्यमेव .

मोहश्चेत्यरिषड{}वर्गमहंकारगतं विदुः [36]

एव बध्यते जीवः स्वप्नजाग्रदवस्थयोः .

सुषुप्तौ तदभावाच्च जीवः शंकरतां गतः [37]

एव मायासंस्पृष्टः कारणं सुखदुःखयोः .

शुक्तो रजतवद्विश्वं मायया दृश्यते शिवे [38]

ततो विवेकज्ञआनेन कोऽप्यत्रास्ति दुःखभाक .

ततो विरम दुःखात्त्वं किं मुधा परितप्यसे [39]

Kama, Krodha, Lobha, Moha, Mada Maatsarya are called as Arishadvargam. A Jeeva gets shackeled with the aforementioned fetters in Dream state. When he doesn't fall prey to those vices in his Sushupti state (dreamless sleep), he attains oneness with Shiva. If he becomes a prey to Maya, he becomes the reason for his pleasures and pains. Like silver in Suti, this entire universe is seen as illusion in Paramashiva. When analyzed through wisdom, these pleasures and pains would vanish otherwise that's too stubborn to get eradicated. Therefore, O Rama! How do you become sorrowful for Sita? That's worthless to become sorrowful.

श्रीराम उवाच ..

मुने सर्वमिदं तथ्यं यन्मदग्रे त्वयेरितम .

तथापि जहात्येतत्प्रारब्धादृष्टमुल्बणम [40]

मत्तं कुर्याद्यथा मद्यं नष्टाविद्यमपि द्विजम .

तद्वत्प्रारब्धभोगोऽपि जहाति विवेकिनम [41]

ततः किं बहुनोक्तेन प्रारब्धसचिवः स्मरः .

बाधते मां दिवारात्रमहंकारोऽपि तादृशः [42]

अत्यन्तपीडितो जीवः स्थूलदेहं विमुञ्चति .

तस्माज्जीवाप्तये मह्यमुपायः क्रियतां द्विज [43]

Sri Rama said: Hey Muni! Whatever discourse of Vairagya you gave to me is indeed true however due to my Prarabdha Karma the sadness which is burning me like fire, which is caused due to the separation from my beloved is not getting put off. That Prarabdha which is of the form of Shiva is himself tormenting me day and night. Even pride is also like that. In this way if a being gets tormented then there are chances for this body to fall down. Hence Hey foremost devotee of Shiva! Show me the path to Jeevadharana

### Here ends the second chapter of Shiva Geeta from Padma Purana Uttara Khanda ###



Shiva Gita Translated to English by Santosh Kumar Ayalasomayajula.
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